Kelp are large seaweeds, belonging to the brown algae and classified in the order
Laminariales. Despite their appearance they are not grouped with the normal aquatic
or land plants (kingdom Plantae), but instead are included in either kingdom
Protista or Chromista. There are about 30 different genera; sometimes members of the
order Fucales are also considered kelp. Kelp grows in underwater forests (kelp
forests) in clear, shallow, oceans, requiring nutrient rich water below about 20°C.
It is known for its high growth rate - the genus Macrocystis grows up to 30 cm per
day, to a total length of up to 60 metres.
Kelp ash is calcined and rich in iodine and alkali. In
great amount, kelp ash can be used in soap and glass production. Alginate, a
kelp-derived carbohydrate,
is used to thicken products like ice cream, jelly, and toothpaste, as well as in
manufactured goods.
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